Overview

Form 1099-Q is an IRS form used to report distributions made from Coverdell Education Savings Plans (ESA) and 529 plans. These are also referred to as qualified education programs. The beneficiaries receiving distributions from these accounts must be given a copy of Form 1099-Q so that they can report any taxable amounts on their own personal income tax returns.

1099-Q automation with TaxBandits API

The TaxBandits API enables you to automate 1099-Q filing directly from your existing systems. Depending on how your platform manages recipient data, you can choose the approach that fits your workflow.

Automate end-to-end 1099-Q cycle

Collect W-9/W-8 forms from recipients, validate their TINs against the IRS database, and file 1099-Q forms at year-end.

Best for: State 529 program administration systems, private college prepaid tuition platforms, bank or credit union Coverdell ESA platforms, and education savings fintech apps that onboard new account holders, track contributions and earnings throughout the year.

Create and file 1099-Q directly.

If you already have recipient data and annual payment totals in your system, use the API endpoints to create and transmit 1099-Q forms directly.

Best for: Brokerage custodian back-office systems, tax preparation software serving 529 and Coverdell ESA clients, university-administered prepaid tuition ERP systems, and rollover processing platforms that already maintain complete beneficiary and distribution records.

Supported tax years

TaxBandits API supports e-filing of Form 1099-Q for the following tax years:

Tax Year	API Version
2026	v2.0.0
2025	v2.0.0, v1.7.3
2024	v1.7.3

Services available

The TaxBandits API supports the following services for Form 1099-Q:

• Federal Filing- File 1099-Q returns with the IRS.
• Postal Mailing - TaxBandits prints and mails the recipient copy on your behalf.
• Online Access - Share a digital copy of the 1099-Q with recipients through a secure, branded online portal. Recipients are notified via email and can view, download, and consent to paperless delivery.
• Corrections — File corrections for 1099-Q forms that are already accepted by the IRS. (even if the original returns were filed elsewhere).

1099-Q endpoints

All endpoints require a Bearer token obtained through the OAuth 2.0 authentication flow. Include this token in the Authorization header of every request. Learn more about OAuth 2.0

• Create - Create one or more 1099-Q records in a single submission.
• Update - Modify an existing 1099-Q submission before it has been transmitted to the IRS.
• ValidateForm - Validate 1099-Q field-level specifications against the IRS business rules before creating the form.
• Get - Retrieve payer, recipient, and form data for a specific 1099-Q submission by SubmissionId.

1099 utility endpoints

The following endpoints are shared across all 1099 form types.

• List - List all 1099-Q records for a submission or payer.
• Status - Retrieve the status of the Forms 1099-Q submitted to the IRS.
• Transmit - Transmit the created return to the IRS.
• StatusLog - Retrieves the status change of the transmitted return.
• RequestDraftPdfUrl - Returns a draft PDF URL for review. These forms are not for filing and will have a watermark "For Review only" on them.
• RequestPdfURLs - Retrieve final PDF URLs for one or more recipients after transmission.
• Delete - Delete the returns created before transmitting.

As an alternative to the Status endpoint, you can configure webhooks to receive automated status updates. Learn more